| 引用本文： |
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邹琰,刘莹,于超勇,赵文溪,王英俊,张守都,宋爱环.基于统计数据的山东近海捕捞与投入要素分析[J].海洋开发与管理,2025,42(3):44-51
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| 摘要: |
| 文章根据1980—2022年山东省海洋捕捞统计数据，分析并讨论了山东近海海洋捕捞与投入要素情况。结果表明：1999年以后山东海洋捕捞总产量由增长转为下降趋势；渔获物结构表现上，鱼类占比稳定，甲壳类、贝类占比下降明显；海洋捕捞机动渔船数量自1996年后明显下降，捕捞专业从业人员数量从2001年开始减少，捕捞渔船总功率、总吨位2016年起由增长转为下降；2000年以前山东省海洋捕捞总产量与海洋机动渔船总吨位关联度最高，2000年之后与海洋捕捞专业从业人员数量、海洋捕捞机动渔船数量关联度高。分析认为，山东省近海海洋捕捞能力总体过剩，渔获物呈小型化和低质化、渔船呈大型化趋势；近海捕捞政策有效缓解了近海渔业资源衰减和捕捞强度之间的矛盾，但仍需进一步加强近海渔业资源养护，优化渔民转产转业政策，引导捕捞业向养护型、远洋发展。 |
| 关键词: 山东省 海洋渔业资源 海洋捕捞 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.2025.03.008 |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-21修订日期：2025-01-21 |
| 基金项目:山东省农业良种工程（2021LZGC027）；山东省虾蟹产业体系养殖岗位（SDAIT-13-04）；山东省农业重大技术协同推广计划（SDNYXTTG-2024-40）. |
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| The Analysis of Marine Catch Structure and Input Factor of Marine Fisheries in Shandong Province Based on Statistics Data |
| ZOU Yan,LIU Ying,YU Chaoyong,ZHAO Wenxi,WANG Yingjun,ZHANG Shoudu,SONG Aihuan |
| Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Utilization of Marine Germplasm Resources of Qingdao, Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Marine Ranch (under preparation) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on the data (1980—2022) of marine capture productions of Shandong province, we analyzed the marine catch structure and input factor of marine fisheries in Shandong Province. The study showed that the marine capture productions in Shandong Province had been growing before 1999, and declined obviously since 1999. The fishing structure of fisheries catch went to pluralism. The proportion of marine fishes were steady, while the crustaceans and shellfish decreased evidently. The number of marine fishing motor vessels was falling since 1996. By 2001, the number of professional fishing labor force began to decline. And after 2000, the total power and tonnage of marine fishing motor vessels came down year by year. The marine capture productions had a high degree of the number of professional fishing labor force and marine fishing motor vessels. Based on the above analysis, conclusions were given:The fishing capacity of Shandong Province is excessive; The marine fishing vessel has been becoming bigger; With the improvement of fishing policies, the contradiction between the reduction of nearshore fishery resources and fishing capacity has been effectively alleviated; With the decline of fisheries stock, fisheries governance needs to be strengthened; The policy of fishermen′s conversion of production and industry needs to be further optimized to shift towards conservation-focused and deep-sea activities. |
| Key words: Shandong Province, Marine fisheries resources, Marine fishing |
