| 引用本文： |
-
周茜茜,吴穹,陈杨航,邢炳鹏,王春光,项鹏,许文锋,叶又茵.海洋酸化对海洋硅藻影响的研究进展[J].海洋开发与管理,2025,42(3):75-87
|
|
| 摘要: |
| 硅藻作为海洋生态系统中最主要的初级生产者之一，在全球碳循环和气候调节中具有重要作用。当前，全球气候变化引发的海洋酸化正深刻影响硅藻的生理生态特性、遗传多样性与生态位分布。文章系统综述了海洋酸化对硅藻生长速率、初级生产力及营养成分的复杂效应，揭示了不同种类硅藻对酸化的差异化响应机制。研究表明：CO2浓度升高可能通过降低碳浓缩机制（CCMs）能耗促进部分硅藻生长，但也可能因酸化胁迫抑制其代谢功能；酸化还会改变硅藻细胞生物硅含量、沉降速率及营养组成，进而影响食物网结构与生态系统功能。此外，硅藻种内遗传多样性与表型可塑性为其适应环境变化提供了潜在途径，但长期酸化可能通过改变种间竞争格局与群落结构加剧生态位分化。未来需加强多因子耦合实验，整合基因组学与多尺度模型，深化硅藻适应机制及生态系统级联效应的研究，以期为全球气候变化下的海洋生态保护与管理提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 硅藻 海洋酸化 生理生态 遗传多样性 生态位 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.2025.03.005 |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-03修订日期：2025-02-17 |
| 基金项目:厦门湾生态健康状况监测（辅助调查）；自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费资助项目（海三科2020017）. |
|
| Research Progress on the Impact of Ocean Acidification on Marine Diatoms |
| ZHOU Qianqian,WU Qiong,CHEN Yanghang,XING Bingpeng,WANG Chunguang,XIANG Peng,XU Wenfeng,YE Youyin |
| Third Institution of Oceanography, MNR;Xiamen Environmental Monitoring Center Station in Fujian Province |
| Abstract: |
| Diatoms, as one of the primary producers in marine ecosystems, play a significant role in the global carbon cycle and climate regulation. Currently, ocean acidification induced by global climate change profoundly affects the physiological and ecological characteristics, genetic diversity, and niche distribution of diatoms. This article systematically reviews the complex effects of ocean acidification on the growth rate, primary productivity, and nutritional composition of diatoms, revealing the differential response mechanisms of various diatom species to acidification. Research indicates that elevated CO2 concentrations may promote the growth of certain diatoms by reducing the energy consumption of carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs), but may also inhibit their metabolic functions due to acidification stress. Additionally, acidification can alter the biogenic silica content, sedimentation rate, and nutritional composition of diatom cells, thereby influencing the structure of food webs and the functioning of ecosystems. Furthermore, the intraspecific genetic diversity and phenotypic plasticity of diatoms offer potential pathways for their adaptation to environmental changes. However, long-term acidification may exacerbate niche differentiation by altering interspecific competition patterns and community structures. Future efforts should focus on strengthening multi-factor coupling experiments, integrating genomics with multi-scale models, and deepening research on the adaptive mechanisms of diatoms and the cascading effects at the ecosystem level. This will provide a scientific basis for marine ecological conservation and management in the context of global climate change. |
| Key words: Diatoms, Ocean Acidification, Physiological Ecology, Genetic Diversity, Ecological Niche |
