| 引用本文： |
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赵玉庭,于潇潇,胡顺鑫,孙伟,刘家琦,刘财礼,王立明,孙珊.大钦岛网箱养殖区沉积物重金属、硫化物及有机碳时空分布特征及生态风险评价[J].海洋开发与管理,2025,42(7):71-82
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| 摘要: |
| 为了解大钦岛网箱养殖区沉积物污染物状况，科学评价该海域沉积物生态风险，依据大钦岛网箱养殖区沉积物现场调查资料，分析了养殖区沉积物污染物时空分布特征，评估了重金属生态风险并解析了污染源。结果表明：除2003年和2018年开始网箱养殖的区域的硫化物外，有机碳和重金属元素在不同季节以及不同站位均符合一类海洋沉积物质量标准。由于养殖期长短及养殖季节性差异，导致2003年开始网箱养殖的区域各重金属元素单因子指数均大于其他养殖区及非养殖区；春季和秋季沉积物中硫化物、有机碳、铜、锌和镉等元素的单因子指数要显著高于夏季。潜在生态风险评价结果呈现秋季最高、春季次之、夏季最低的季节差异，其中秋季达到了中生态风险。养殖区沉积物重金属、硫化物和有机碳含量普遍高于非养殖区，尤其从2003年开始网箱的养殖区域更为明显，春季和秋季网箱养殖区沉积物重金属元素含量高于夏季。镉对综合潜在生态风险指数的贡献率最高，平均为61.1%，是主要的潜在生态风险因子。主成分分析表明铜、锌、铬、镉、铅主要来源于自然风化源、农业养殖生产和海上航运燃料燃烧以及带来的大气沉降，砷主要反映自然风化和养殖活动的影响。 |
| 关键词: 网箱养殖 沉积物 重金属 分布特征 生态风险评价 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.2025.07.013 |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-20修订日期：2025-06-10 |
| 基金项目:山东省重点研发计划（2020CXGC011404）. |
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| Temporal-Spatial Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals, Sulfides and Organic Carbon in Sediment of Cage Aquaculture Area in Daqin Island |
| ZHAO Yuting,YU Xiaoxiao,HU Shunxin,SUN Wei,LIU Jiaqi,LIU Caili,WANG Liming,SUN Shan |
| Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Shandong Key Lab of Marine Ecological Restoration,
Shandong Open Data Innovation and Application Laboratory |
| Abstract: |
| In order to understand the environmental status of the sediments in the cage culture area of Daqin Island and scientifically evaluate the ecological risk of the sediments in the area, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of heavy metals, sulfides and organic carbon in the sediments of the culture area were analyzed. The ecological risk of heavy metals was evaluated and the pollution sources were analyzed. The results showed that except for the sulfides in the cage culture area in 2003 and 2018, organic carbon and heavy metal elements in different seasons and different stations were comply with the national first-class benchmark in marine sediment quality. The single factor index of heavy metal elements in aquaculture area was higher in 2003 than that in other aquaculture areas and non-aquaculture area due to the difference of culture time and culture season. The single factor indexes of sulfide, organic carbon, copper, zinc and cadmium in sediments in spring and autumn were significantly higher than those in summer. The potential ecological risk assessment results show seasonal differences of the highest in autumn, followed by spring, and the lowest in summer, with autumn reaching a Medium potential ecological risk. The contents of heavy metals, sulfides and organic carbon in the sediments of the culture area were generally higher than those in the non-aquaculture area, especially in the cage culture area in 2003. The contents of heavy metals in the sediments of the cage culture area in spring and autumn were higher than those in summer. Cadmium had the highest contribution rate to the comprehensive potential ecological risk index, with an average of 61.1%, which was the main potential ecological risk factor. Principal component analysis showed that copper, zinc, chromium, cadmium and lead were mainly derived from natural weathering sources, agricultural breeding production and marine shipping fuel combustion and atmospheric deposition. Arsenic mainly reflected the influence of natural weathering and breeding activities. |
| Key words: Cage aquaculture area,Sediment,Heavy metals, Distribution characteristics, Ecological risk |
