| 摘要: |
| 于2017年11月和2018年1月在惠州大亚湾海域东西侧两条断面设置站位，选取捕获海洋经济生物29种（包括鱼类、甲壳类、软体类），分析其体内重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg的含量特征，利用单因子指数法（Single Factor Index, SFI）和金属污染指数法（Metal Pollution Index, MPI）进行重金属污染程度评价。比较其水质和沉积物的重金属累积系数，同时结合1988—2015年历年数据，探讨大亚湾海洋生物中重金属含量的变化趋势。结果表明：（1）大亚湾海域中鱼类、甲壳类和软体类海洋生物体内重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg的平均含量均达到一类标准，基本没有受到重金属污染；（2）大亚湾海域生物体中MPI值由大到小依次为：软体类、甲壳类、鱼类；（3）大亚湾海洋经济生物对水质中重金属的富集能力大小依次为：Cu、Cd、Zn、Hg、Pb，对沉积物中重金属的富集能力大小依次为：Hg、Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb；（4）1988—2017年，大亚湾海洋生物体中各重金属含量整体呈现缓慢下降趋势，除鱼类和甲壳类的Pb含量变化较大外，其他指标含量趋于稳定。 |
| 关键词: 大亚湾 生物体质量 重金属 单因子指数法 金属污染指数 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.2025.07.009 |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-09修订日期：2025-05-27 |
| 基金项目:惠州市海洋与渔业环境资源调查项目(F2017-01-2). |
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| Heavy Metal Content and Pollution Risk Assessment of Marine Creatures in Daya Bay Area |
| ZHOU Zhikai,WANG Junxing,CHEN Bingling,HUANG Lixia,ZHONG Jinming |
| Marine Technology Center of Huizhou |
| Abstract: |
| This study used 29 species of marine creatures (including fish, crustaceans, and mollusks) from two cross-sections on the east and west sides of the Daya Bay in Huizhou in the winter of to analyze the content characteristics of heavy metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Hg in their bodies. Single Factor Index (SFI) and Metal Pollution Index (MPI) was used to evaluate the degree of heavy metal pollution, and data from 1988 to 2015 were compared. Using SFI and MPI to discuss the changes of heavy metal content in marine creatures in Daya Bay. The results showed that：(1)The average content of heavy metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Hg in fish, crustaceans, and mollusks in the Daya Bay area reached the first-class standard, and there was basically no heavy metal pollution. (2) The MPI values of marine creatures in the Daya Bay area followed the order of mollusks>crustaceans>fish. (3) The concentration capacity of marine economic organisms in water quality was Cu>Cd>Zn>Hg>Pb, and the concentration capacity of heavy metals in sediments was Hg>Cd>Cu>Zn>Pb.(4)From 1988 to the winter of 2017, the overall heavy metal content in marine creatures in Daya Bay showed a slow downward trend. Except for the significant changes in Pb content in fish and crustaceans, the content of other indicators tends to stabilize. |
| Key words: Daya Bay,Quality of marine creatures,Heavy metals,Single Factor Index,Metal Pollution Index |
