| 摘要: |
| 海上风电在推动能源转型，助力实现碳中和目标方面发挥着重要保障作用，但海上风电深 远海发展也为环评工作带来更高要求。《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》（2023 年修订）明确要求涉海建设规划必须开展战略环评工作，而行业现有的一些环境影响评价指标体系在应对新政策、 新要求上缺乏适应性和针对性，在规划层次和项目层次上也缺乏一致性。文章采用现状调研和专 家咨询等方法，系统梳理了深远海发展趋势下海上风电开发、建设、运营等各环节的环境影响，依 据驱动力—状态—响应（DSR）框架，提出了一套涵盖社会可持续发展、环境状况改善、生态安全 维护、气候变暖缓解、资源与能源高效利用、环境管理及事故风险等方面的指标体系。该指标体系 关联了战略环评指标和项目环评指标，同时考虑了海上风电项目生命周期和设备生命周期的环境影 响，为国家深远海海上风电开发战略和项目实施提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 海上风电 战略环评 指标体系 全生命周期 深远海 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.2026.02.005 |
| 投稿时间：2025-06-12修订日期：2026-01-22 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Research on the Indicator System for Strategic Environmental Assessment of Offshore Wind Power Under the Trend of Deep-Far Offshore Development |
| ZHENG Jian,GAO Chengshuo |
| Center for Historical Geographical Studies，Fudan University;Shanghai Investigation， Design and Research Institute Co.，Ltd. |
| Abstract: |
| Offshore wind power plays a crucial role in promoting the energy transition and contributing to the achievement of carbon neutrality goals．However，development of offshore wind power toward deeper and farther offshore areas also imposes higher demands for environmental impact assessment．The Marine Environment Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China（2023 Revision）explicitly requires that marine- related construction plans undergo strategic environmental impact assessments．Nevertheless，the existing environmental impact assessment indicator systems in the industry lack adaptability and specificity in responding to new policies and requirements，as well as consistency between planning and project levels．Through methods such as literature review and expert consultation，this study systematically examines the environmental impacts of offshore wind power development，construction，and operation in the context of the trend toward deep-far offshore development．Based on the Driver-State-Response（DSR）framework，a comprehensive indicator system is proposed，covering aspects such as sustainable social development，improvement of environmental conditions，maintenance of ecological security，mitigation of climate warming，efficient utilization of resources and energy，environmental management，and accident risks．This indicator system links strategic environmental assessment indicators with project-level environmental assessment indicators．It also appropriately considers the environmental impacts throughout the lifecycle of offshore wind power projects and equipment， providing a reference for national-level strategies and project implementation of deep-far offshore wind power development． |
| Key words: Offshore wind power Strategic environmental assessment Indicator system Full life cycle Deep- far offshore |
